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The World’s Worst Floods
The Deadliest Floods As Measured By Death Toll
Throughout history, floods have proven to be the deadliest natural disasters. This is mainly due to the high population densities around rivers. When well-behaved, rivers provide the resources needed for agriculture, transportation, and industry. It is no accident that all of the ancient civilizations rose around rivers.
It also should be noted that not all of the dead were the victims of the initial floodwaters. Disease and famine that followed the disasters probably killed more than the floodwaters themselves.
Flooding disasters primarily as a result of typhoons or hurricanes have been excluded from this list and are instead included on the list of worst hurricane disasters.
1.
Huang He (Yellow) River, China
1931
Death Toll: 1,000,000 to 3,700,000
The Huang He River is prone to flooding because of the broad expanse of plain that lies around it. One of the major reasons for the flooding is the high silt content that gives the river its yellow tint (and thus its name). The silt—which constitutes as much as 60% of its volume—builds up until the river actually is higher than the surrounding land. The tendency to flood is exacerbated by ice dams which block the river in Mongolia; the dams back up the water, and then release devastating walls of water when they break.
The history of flooding has prompted the Communist Chinese government to embark on a program of building dams for flood control. The dams, however, have not proven entirely effective and have been the target of criticism from environmentalists.
2.
Huang He (Yellow) River, China
1887
Death Toll: 900,000 to 2,000,000
3.
Huang He (Yellow) River, China
1938
Death Toll: 500,000 – 900,000
The 1938 flood of the Huang He was caused by Nationalist Chinese troops under Chiang Kai-Shek when they broke the levees in an attempt to turn back advancing Japanese troops. The strategy was partly successful. By 1940, the Japanese were essentially in a stalemate with Chinese forces.
4.
Huang He (Yellow) River, China
1642
Death Toll: 300,000
Chinese rebels destroy the dikes along the city of Kaifeng, flooding the surrounding countryside.
5.
Ru River, Banqiao Dam, China
1975
Death Toll: 230,000
This flood was caused by the collapse of the Banquia Dam, along with several others, following a heavy rain caused by a typhoon. It is the worst dam related collapse in history.
6.
Yangtze River, China
1931
Death Toll: 145,000
Although the Huang He has caused more deaths, the Yangtze has had more than 1,000 recorded floods.
7.
The Netherlands and England
1099
Death Toll: 100,000
A combination of high tides and storms flooded the Thames and the Netherlands, killing 100,000.
8.
The Netherlands
1287
Death Toll: 50,000
A seawall on the Zuider Zee failed, flooding the low-lying polder.
9.
The Neva River, Russia
1824
Death Toll: 10,000
An ice dam clogged the Neva, flooding nearby cities.
10.
The Netherlands
1421
Death Toll: 10,000
The failure of a seawall on the Zuider Zee flooded the Dutch lowlands.
Selling counterfeit products has become common practice where people flock in person at flea markets, college campuses, salons, libraries, swap meets, and at “private homes parties” where the dealer shows you their products. Amongst the counterfeit products you may suspect would be handbags, clothes, watches, and colognes which have been amusingly renamed such as Essey Miyami instead of Issey Miyake. Scott Wolfson, a spokesman for the Consumer Product Safety Commission, said that it was rare for counterfeit products to be sold in well-known walk-in stores.
Vendors, of course, are still peddling counterfeit products on our city streets. When a reporter was sent to see what he could find in New York, he found himself in an old decrepit building with makeshift doors and walls where a bunch of women sat sewing clothes. In and around that area and on the nearby streets is where the reporter bought some of the fake merchandise that is pictured below.
Selling Counterfeit Products is Booming
The internet has allowed counterfeiters to find partners who can make, market and distribute counterfeit products to an ever broad audience. In January of 2008 the Department of Homeland Security said that 81 percent of all conterfeits in the U.S. came from mainland China.
It is very easy to fool people. Ninety-nine-point-nine percent do not know the difference between the original and a counterfeit product. The fake products in the long run do not wear as well and lack the technology that contributes to comfort. But if the maker is to blame, so is the buyer. One in five Americans knowingly bought a counterfeit product last year mostly because the fake products were easy to find and the price of the original product was seen as unaffordable.
In some instances, the counterfeit products are easily spotted. The printing may be blurred, the embroidery is of low quality and the labels are often missing. But to the casual consumer who has been misled by the marked down prices, the fake products look just fine.
According to consumer reports, China has been pressed by other countries to crack down on counterfeiting. China has a long way to go to deter its counterfeiters judging by the penalties it imposes. For instance local law-enforcement agencies can seize counterfeit products and levy fines. But the fines are so modest that a counterfeiter would not think to raise an eyebrow.
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